Population

The development of the present ethnic composition has gone through several historical stages. The formation and disintegration of numerous military tribal alliances of ancient nomads and their mass migration over vast expanses of the Euro-Asian steppes, resulted in the emergence of the Mongolian Nationality which consists 86% of Khalkh-Mongol tribes. The population of Mongolia consists of twenty ethnic groups although there are few differences in language. Only the Kazakhs speak in their mother tongue. Kazakhs, Derbets, Buryats and other national minorities are concentrated where they have always lived.
The results of 2010 Population and Housing Census revealed that in November 2010, population of Mongolia reached 2,754 thousand. However, even today, there are more Mongolians living outside Mongolia than in it. The population density is around 1.7 people per square kilometre.
There are approximately 713,780 families of which 234,300 are herders. The others live in urban centres. 67.2% of the population is urbanised, over 43.6% in Ulaanbaatar. In the first 10 months of 2011, 58.6 thous. mothers delivered 58.9 thous. children (live birth), the amount is increased by 3423 mothers or 6.2 percent, and 3444 children or 6.2 percent, compared to the same period of previous year. In the first 10 months of 2011, the infant mortality per 1000 life births was 16.

Age structure:

0-14 years: 27.3% (male 382,371/female 370,507)
15-64 years: 69% (male 938,743/female 961,029)
65 years and over: 3.7% (male 42,809/female 59,226)

Median age:

total: 24.6 years
male: 24.2 years
female: 24.9 years (2007 est.)

Population growth rate:

1.46% (2010 Population and Housing Census)

Birth rate:

21.07 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Death rate:

6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Net migration rate:

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)

Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.041 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.998 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.769 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2007 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

total: 42.65 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 45.86 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 39.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population: 66.99 years

male: 64.61 years

female: 69.48 years (2007 est.)

Total fertility rate:

2.25 children born/woman (2007 est.)